英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法:
一、all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”例如:
Not all men can be masters.(= All men cannot be masters.)并非人人都能当头头。
Not all bamboo grows tall.并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。
二、both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) “并非两个……都……” 例如:
I don’t want both the books.我不是两本书都要。
Both (the) windows are not open.两扇窗子并不都开着。
三、every…的否定式:“不是每……都……” 例如:
Not every book is educative.(或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。
Not everyone likes this book.并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere.这花并不是随处可见的。
四、always的否定式:“并非总是(并非一直)……” 例如:
He is not always so sad.他并不是一直都这样悲伤。
五、entirely,altogether,completely 和quite 的否定式:“不完全……”,“并非完全……” 例如:
The businessman is never to be entirely trusted.不可以完全信任商人。
He felt not altogether satisfied.他并不完全满意。
I don’t agree completely.我并不完全同意。
What he did was not quite proper.他做的不十分妥当。
六、all the time 的否定式:“并非一直……”、“未必老是……” 例如:
A foolish man doesn’t make a mistake all the time.笨人未必老是犯错误。
七、not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 例如:
He did not speak clearly and correctly.他讲得清楚但不正确。
This film is not interesting and instructive.这部电影有趣但无教育意义。
She cannot sing and dance.她会唱歌但不会跳舞。
如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。
He did not speak clearly or correctly.他讲的既不清楚也不正确。
如要对上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no,none,neither,no one,never,not (never)… at all 等。例如:
All of them can do it.—— None of them can do it.
Both are good.——Neither is good.
Everybody likes it.——Nobody likes it.
[Ok3w_NextPage]He is always late.—— He is never late.
We don’t trust them entirely.—— We never trust them at all.
He was here all the time.—— He was never here.