英语音标读法

 　　一、 连读

连读有四种类型： 1 Consonant / Vowel 2 Consonant / Consonant 3 Vowel / Vowel 4 T, D, S, or Z + Y 1、 以辅音结尾的单词+元音开头的单词：要连读 如： Your eyes 1a(one a) a bowl of rice. My name is LA (Los Angeles) [e lei] 902-5050 [nai nou tu: fai vou fai vou] 注意： 以辅音结尾 指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音，而不是单词的结尾，这如同u[ju:.]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。 另：以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词h不发音，人称代词：he、him、her、his与前面的辅音连读。 Did he? Does he? Was he? Has he? Is he? Will he? Would he? Can he? Wouldn't you?(wooden chew?) Shouldn't I?(shudn nai) Won't he? (won knee?) Didn't he?(didn knee?) Hasn't he?(haz a knee?) Wouldn't he?(wooden knee?) Isn't he?(is a knee?) Isn't it? (is a nit?) Doesn't it?(duza nit?) Aren't I?(are nai?) Won't you?(won chew?) Don't you?(don chew?) Can't you?(can chew?) Could you?(ku dʒ u:?) Would you?(wu d3ju?) Tell him to ask her…. Leave him For him Give her a book. Giv-er a book. Tell him to ask her. Tell-im to ask-er. What will he do? What will-i do? Where will he go? Where will-i go? When will he come? When will-i come? who will he meet? who will-i meet? How will he know? How will-i know? Has he gone? Has-i gone? Had he done it before? Had-i done it before? Must he go? Must-i go? Can he do it? Can-i do it? Should he leave? Should-i leave? 2、辅音+辅音的连读 如果前面的单词结尾的清辅音，后面单词开头是与之相对应的浊辅音，或者相反，只发后面的辅音 t-d tʃ-dʒ s-z ʃ -ʒ p-b f-v k-g sit down I don’t know(发音再次的老师都不会发出 [t] 音) I just didn't get the chance. Big cake Dad told me Huge change Good night 3、元音+元音 当前面的单词以元音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，两个元音连读，连读的方法是在中间加w或者加j.以ou结尾的元音后面一般加w。而以长元音i:结尾的后面加j Go (w)away who (w)is so (w)honest do (w)I? she (j)is 但发这两个音的时候不要太强太故作。不然的话还不如不发。 4T, D, S, or Z + Y的连读： 当一个单词是以t d s z 结尾，后面的单词是以y(j)开头的话要连读： 4-1 t+y 连读成/tʃ/ What’s your name? Can’t you do it? I’ll let you know. 4-2 d+y连读成/ dʒ u:/ Did you see it How did you like it? Could you tell? 4-3 s+y连读ʃ Yes,you are Bless you Guess your age 4-4 z+y连读成ʒ How’s your family? Who’s your friend? When’s your birthday? 呵呵!我第一次知道这一连读规则时，兴奋不已，很容易的听懂了许多以前觉得很难以理解的句子，并且按照这种连读方式发音省力、轻松了许多。

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　　二、 失音

由于失去爆破是失音的一种现象，摩擦音也会被失去，所以统称为失音。 注意： 爆破音并不是完全失去，仍然形成阻碍，把气流堵在里面，但不爆破，直接发出相邻的辅音。 Disappearing /T/ 关于/t/失音问题：The sound /t/ tends to be unstable in many words and phrases. Sometimes it's there. Sometimes it isn't. There is a process called elision which deletes /t/ when it is preceded by a voiceless consonant and followed by any consonant except /h/. Here are some examples: Christmas last week most people act sensibly software international Disappearing /d/ we saw that /t/ can disappear in certain circumstances. The same is true of /d/, but the circumstances are slightly different. If /d/ is preceded by a voiced consonant /b d g v D z Z dZ m n N l/ and it is followed by a consonant other than /h/, then it can be deleted (elided). Here are some examples: handbag old man used to Taken together, the disappearance of /t/ and /d/ is called alveolar plosive elision.

三、 浊化

1、[S] 后面的清辅音要浊化 [k] 浊化成 [g] sky Discussion： [t] 浊化成[d] Stand [p]浊化成 [b] speak Expression 还有[tr]—[dr] strike 2、美音中t 在单词的中间被浊化成[d] 如：writer， 听起来和 rider 的发音几乎没有区别 letter—ladder out of 2-1在单词的前面或后面就不浊化比如：Ted took ten tomatoes. first , coast, hot, late,fat, goat, hit, put, not, hurt,等。 2-2在过去式中ed的发音：在清辅音后面发t: laughed [la:ft], picked [pIkt], hoped [houpt], raced [reist], watched [wa: tʃt], washed [wa: ʃt] 在浊辅音后面发d : halved [hævd], rigged [rigd], nabbed [næbd], raised [reizd], smoothed [smu: ðd] Exceptions: wicked [wikd], naked [nakd], crooked [kr¨1d], etc T或d后面发/id/ started founded 2-3 t和n连在一起的时候，由于口位差不多，通常t就不发音了。 1. interview -innerview 2.Internet- innernet 3.twenty –twenny 4.winter –winner或winder 5.enter-enner或ender 美国人和加拿大人发音为了省事，习惯清音浊化，尤其是[t]在单词的中间一定会浊化成[d]，但英国人发音不会这样，这也是英音和美音的一大区别。了解这一浊化原则，会给听力带来一些帮助

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　　四、 弱读

一般来说： 实词重读，如动词、名词、副词等; 虚词弱读，如介词、代词等 弱读的规则一般是：元音音节弱化成 [ə] 或 [ʌ] 比如说如下几个单词：for/to/some/does/of 查字典会发现这些词都至少有两种读音，如for: 重读时[fɔ:] , 弱读时 [fə] to有三种读法[tu:][tə][t] some也有三种读法[sʌm][səm][sm].does也有两种读法[dʌz][dəz] of居然有四种读法[ɔv][əv][v][f],没想到啊!真是没想到啊! 举几个例子： 1、To的弱读：to的前面是辅音弱读成t或t ə today/t’dei/ tonight/t’nait/ we have to/hæftə / go. To的前面如果是元音，那就弱读成d或də I go to/goudə /work at a quarter to two We plan to do it. 2、for的弱读：在句中读/fər/句末读/f ɔ:r/ This is for/fər/ you. It's for/fər/ my friend. What is this for/f ɔ:r/? Who did you get it for/f ɔ:r/? 3、and弱读成/n/ bread and butter 4、or弱读成/ər/ Soup or/su:pər/ salad? left or right 5、are弱读成/ər/ What are you doing? How are you? 6、your弱读成/jər/ How's your family? Is this your car? 还有很多，希望多听，细心体会。